J-K Flip Flop The JK flip flop is one of the most used flip flops in digital circuits. The JK flip flop is a universal flip flop having two inputs ‘J’ and ‘K’. JK Flip flop is known as Jack Kilby flip-flop, it is versatile and can be used as a basic memory element. JK …
Master Slave Flip-Flop We have used Feedback Inputs in JK flip flop. these feedback paths raised a new problem in the circuit, which is called race around condition. Race around condition in the JK flip is a major problem in which the outputs of flip flop are toggled continuously till the end of applied clock …
Counters A special type of sequential circuit used to count the pulse is known as a counter, or a collection of flip flops where the clock signal is applied is known as counters. The counter is one of the widest applications of the flip flop. Based on the clock pulse, the output of the counter …
Scanning networks 1. Scanning networks overview Process of obtaining additional information about hosts, ports and services in network More detailed reconnaissance Purpose is to identify vulnerabilities in communication channels and then create an attack plan. Different techniques are used to identify hosts, ports, and services in the target network. Used by administrators to verify security …
Footprinting 1. Footprinting overview Also known as fingerprinting or reconnaissance 📝 Gathering information about a target system E.g. software, network protocols, operating systems or hardware devices. End goal is to find a way to break into the system. 🤗 Often offered as separate service bought by companies to check against leaks and to see what data is there. …
Hacking a. Hacker types Hacker An individual who uses their computer and technical skills to gain access to systems and networks. 🤗 A common theory is that a hacker meant initially anyone who possessed skills and knowledge and determination to solve problems in a creative way. There are arguments against it never was a benign …
Information security 1. Information security overview Protecting information and information systems. Defines sets processes and activities performed in order to protect information. Goal is to prevent unauthorized users from stealing and misusing information or services. If sensitive information falls in wrong hands, it may cause huge losses including finances, brand reputations, customers. Essential terms Hack value …
Don’t Care Condition in K-Map The “Don’t care” condition says that we can use the blank cells of a K-map to make a group of the variables. To make a group of cells, we can use the “don’t care” cells as either 0 or 1, and if required, we can also ignore that cell. We …
Decoder Decoder is the combinational circuit that change the binary information into 2N output lines The binary information is passed in the form of N input lines. The output lines define the 2N-bit code for the binary information. In simple words, the Decoder performs the reverse operation of the Encoder. At a time, only one …
Full Subtractor and Half Subtractor A Binary Subtractor is a digital circuit that performs the arithmetic binary subtraction between two numbers with respect to the logic operations and laws of Boolean Algebra. The subtractors are used in combinational circuit design and the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) of the processor to calculate multiple addresses. Subtractor circuits …
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